DRAVIDIAN
TEMPLE ARCHITECTURE
Kanchipuram Temples
Pallava
Period (7th - 9th century)
with later additions
Kailasanatha Temple at Kanchipuram
Professor T.V.Mahalingam,
University of Madras on Mahabalipuram in
Tamil Art &
Architecture paper presented at
Second International Conference Seminar of Tamil Studies, January 1968
"...The Kailasanatha is four-storeyed and is an example of sandharaprasada containing two walls providing an ambulatory. The storeys are decorated with architectural designs like kutas, kostas and panjaras. The pillars in structural temples are with rampant lions generally and with elephants,
nagas and bhulas at times. Niches are to be seen in both the rock-cut and structural temples and have a makaratorana decoration on their top, the makaras in them having floriated tails overflowing on the sides. The corbels are generally curved in profile with the taranga (wave moulding) ornament and a median band. The gopuras are absent in these early temples. In the Kailasanatha at Kanchi and the
Shore Temple at Mahabalipuram there are faint but unmistakable suggestions of
gopuradhvaras which were to evolve into towers. Another feature of these early structural temples is the almost prodigal sculptural embellishment of the exterior walls. The carvings are invariably those of deities, a few of which appear to be fresh inceptions from the Calukyan area..."
Courtesy:
Manas on Kanchipuram
"...Kanchipuram is among the most famous of the 'temple
cities' of Tamil Nadu. Its temples house different Hindu sects. Though today
it is only a destination for pilgrims, and a repository of major
architectural monuments, in antiquity it occupied a more pre eminent place in
the history of South India. The city was the political capital of the
Pallava rulers during the 7th - 9th centuries. It remained an important city
during the succeeding Chola and Vijayanagara periods.
The
Kailasanatha temple
is the finest structural project of the Pallava ruler Rajasimha. The temple
is almost entirely constructed of sandstone and is integrated into a
coherent complex. A large variety of Shaiva images adorns the outer walls;
the inner walls were once painted. A polished linga (phallus, the symbol of
regeneration associated with Shiva) is enshrined within..."
The
Ekambareshvara temple is the principle Shaiva
sanctuary and its soaring gopuras dominate the city's skyline. This temple
was erected in 1509 by the Vijayanagara emperor Krishnadeva Raya. The temple
is preceded by a long columned mandapa into which earlier shrines and altars
have been incorporated. A corridor surrounds the principle shrine on four
sides, presenting a continuous sequence of receding piers.
The Vardhamana
temple is the most important Vaishanava temple. Local legend has it that the
temple commemorates the site where the Lord Brahma performed a yajna (fire
sacrifice) to invoke the presence of Vishnu. It has a long history spanning
the Chola and the Vijayanagara periods. One of the two high towered gopuras
resemble 12th-13th century Chola projects while the other is characteristic
of the 16th century Vijayanagara period. The main sanctuary enshrines bronze
images of Vishnu flanked by his consorts. Some specimens of Vijayanagara
paintings are still preserved on the walls..."
Ekambaranathar Temple, Kanchipuram
Ekambareswara Temple
- Tallest Gopuram (192 feet) Built in 1509 A.D
"...Ekambaranathar Temple is one of the
oldest temples in the city. The architecture of this temple is amazing. The gopuram of this temple stands as a massive landmark, spanning a height of 57
metres - one of the tallest in South India. The vast temple premises
introduce you to many wonders, one after another. The first is the "Aayiram
Kaal Mandapam" or the hallway with a thousand pillars. The next is the array
of 1008 Siva Lingams that decorate the inner walls of the temple. The most
important, of course, is the "sthala-virutcham", a 3500 year old mango tree
whose branches give four different types of mangoes. This temple bears the
work of practically every dynasty which ruled Kanchipuram...."
Courtesy:
Kanchipuram on the Web
